March 12

March 12 is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 294 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

• 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius.
• 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Catholic Church. He is best known for initiating the Crusades.
• 1158 – German city Munich (München) is first mentioned as forum apud Munichen in the Augsburg arbitration by Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich I.
• 1579 – Start of the Siege of Maastricht, part of the Eighty Years' War.

1601–1900

• 1622 – Ignatius of Loyola and Francis Xavier, founders of the Society of Jesus, are canonized by the Roman Catholic Church.
• 1689 – James II of England landed at Kinsale, starting the Williamite War in Ireland.
• 1811 – Peninsular War: A day after a successful rearguard action, French Marshal Michel Ney once again successfully delays the pursuing Anglo-Portuguese force at the Battle of Redinha.

1901–present

• 1912 – The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts of the USA) are founded in the United States.
• 1913 – The future capital of Australia is officially named Canberra.
• 1918 – Moscow becomes the capital of Russia again after Saint Petersburg held this status for most of the period since 1713.
• 1920 – The Kapp Putsch begins when the Marinebrigade Ehrhardt is ordered to march on Berlin.
• 1928 – In California, the St. Francis Dam fails; the resulting floods kill 431 people.
• 1930 – Mahatma Gandhi begins the Salt March, a 200-mile (320 km) march to the sea to protest the British monopoly on salt in India.
• 1933 – Great Depression: Franklin D. Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States. This is also the first of his "fireside chats".
• 1938 – Anschluss: German troops occupy and absorb Austria.
• 1940 – Winter War: Finland signs the Moscow Peace Treaty with the Soviet Union, ceding almost all of Finnish Karelia.
• 1940 – The most destructive train accident in Finnish history kills 39 and injures 69 people in Turenki, Janakkala.
• 1942 – The Battle of Java ends with the surrender of the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command to the Japanese Empire in Bandung, West Java, Dutch East Indies.
• 1947 – Cold War: The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.
• 1950 – The Llandow air disaster kills 80 people when the aircraft they are travelling in crashes near Sigingstone, Wales. At the time this was the world's deadliest air disaster.
• 1967 – Suharto takes power from Sukarno when the People's Consultative Assembly inaugurate him as Acting President of Indonesia.
• 1968 – Mauritius gains independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1971 – The 1971 Turkish military memorandum is sent to the Süleyman Demirel government of Turkey and the government resigns.
• 1989 – Sir Tim Berners-Lee submits his proposal to CERN for an information management system, which subsequently develops into the World Wide Web.
• 1992 – Mauritius becomes a republic while remaining a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
• 1993 – Several bombs explode in Mumbai, India, killing about 300 people and injuring hundreds more.
• 1993 – North Korea announces that it will withdraw from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and refuses to allow inspectors access to its nuclear sites.
• 1999 – Former Warsaw Pact members the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland join NATO.
• 2003 – Zoran Đinđić, Prime Minister of Serbia, is assassinated in Belgrade.
• 2003 – The World Health Organization officially release a global warning of outbreaks of Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
• 2004 – The President of South Korea, Roh Moo-hyun, is impeached by its National Assembly: the first such impeachment in the nation's history.
• 2009 – Financier Bernie Madoff pleads guilty to one of the largest frauds in Wall Street's history.
• 2011 – A reactor at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant explodes and releases radioactivity into the atmosphere a day after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.
• 2014 – A gas explosion in the New York City neighborhood of East Harlem kills eight and injures 70 others.
• 2018 – US-Bangla Airlines Flight 211 crashes at Tribhuvan International Airport in Katmandu, killing 51 and injuring 20.
• 2019 – In the House of Commons, the revised EU Withdrawal Bill was rejected by a margin of 149 votes.
• 2020 – The United States suspends travel from Europe due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1270 – Charles, Count of Valois (d. 1325)
• 1515 – Caspar Othmayr, German Lutheran pastor and composer (d. 1553)

1601–1900

• 1607 – Paul Gerhardt, German poet and composer (d. 1676)
• 1613 – André Le Nôtre, French gardener and architect (d. 1700)
• 1626 – John Aubrey, English historian and philosopher (d. 1697)
• 1637 – Anne Hyde, Duchess of York and Albany (d. 1671)
• 1672 – Richard Steele, Irish-Welsh journalist and politician (d. 1729)
• 1685 – George Berkeley, Irish bishop and philosopher (d. 1753)
• 1710 – Thomas Arne, English composer (d. 1778)
• 1735 – François-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest, French politician and diplomat (d. 1821)
• 1753 – Jean Denis, French politician, lawyer, jurist, journalist, and historian (d. 1827)
• 1766 – Claudius Buchanan, Scottish theologian (d. 1815)
• 1781 – Frederica of Baden, Queen consort to Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (d. 1826)
• 1784 – William Buckland, English geologist and paleontologist; Dean of Westminster (d. 1856)
• 1795 – William Lyon Mackenzie, Scottish-Canadian journalist and politician, 1st Mayor of Toronto (d. 1861)
• 1795 – George Tyler Wood, American military officer and politician (d. 1858)
• 1806 – Jane Pierce, American wife of Franklin Pierce, 15th First Lady of the United States (d. 1863)
• 1807 – James Abbott, Indian Army officer (d. 1896)
• 1815 – Louis-Jules Trochu, French military leader and politician (d. 1896)
• 1821 – John Abbott, Canadian lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1893)
• 1821 – Medo Pucić, Croatian writer and politician (d. 1882)
• 1823 – Katsu Kaishū, Japanese statesman (d. 1899)
• 1824 – Gustav Kirchhoff, Russian-German physicist and academic (d. 1887)
• 1832 – Charles Boycott, English farmer and agent (d. 1897)
• 1834 – Hilary A. Herbert, Secretary of the Navy (d. 1919)
• 1835 – Simon Newcomb, Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician (d. 1909)
• 1835 – Sigismondo Savona, Maltese educator and politician (d. 1908)
• 1837 – Alexandre Guilmant, French organist and composer (d. 1911)
• 1838 – William Henry Perkin, English chemist and academic (d. 1907)
• 1843 – Gabriel Tarde, French sociologist and criminologist (d. 1904)
• 1855 – Eduard Birnbaum, Polish-born German cantor (d. 1920)
• 1857 – William V. Ranous, American actor and director (d. 1915)
• 1858 – Adolph Ochs, American publisher (d. 1935)
• 1859 – Ernesto Cesàro, Italian mathematician (d. 1906)
• 1860 – Eric Stenbock, Estonian poet and author (d. 1895)
• 1863 – Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian soldier, journalist, poet, and playwright (d. 1938)
• 1863 – Vladimir Vernadsky, Russian and Ukrainian mineralogist and chemist (d. 1945)
• 1864 – W. H. R. Rivers, English anthropologist, neurologist, ethnologist, and psychiatrist (d. 1922)
• 1864 – Alice Tegnér, Swedish organist, composer, and educator (d. 1943)
• 1869 – George Forbes, New Zealand politician, 22nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1947)
• 1874 – Edmund Eysler, Austrian composer (d. 1949)
• 1877 – Wilhelm Frick, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of the Interior (d. 1946)
• 1878 – Gemma Galgani, Italian mystic and saint (d. 1903)
• 1880 – Henry Drysdale Dakin, English-American chemist and academic (d. 1952)
• 1881 – Väinö Tanner, Finnish politician of Social Democratic Party of Finland; the Prime Minister of Finland (d. 1966)
• 1882 – Carlos Blanco Galindo, Bolivian politician (d. 1943)
• 1883 – Sándor Jávorka, Hungarian botanist (d. 1961)
• 1888 – Walter Hermann Bucher, German-American geologist and paleontologist (d. 1965)
• 1888 – Hans Knappertsbusch, German conductor (d. 1965)
• 1890 – Evert Taube, Swedish singer-songwriter and lute player (d. 1976)
• 1896 – Jesse Fuller, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1976)
• 1898 – Tian Han, Chinese playwright (d. 1968)
• 1898 – Luitpold Steidle, German army officer and politician (d. 1984)
• 1899 – Ramón Muttis, Argentine footballer (d. 1955)
• 1900 – Rinus van den Berge, Dutch athlete (d. 1972)
• 1900 – Sylvi Kekkonen, Finnish writer and wife of President of Finland Urho Kekkonen (d. 1974)
• 1900 – Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, 19th President of Colombia (d. 1975)

1901–present

• 1904 – Lyudmila Keldysh, Russian mathematician (d. 1976)
• 1905 – Takashi Shimura, Japanese actor (d. 1982)
• 1907 – Dorrit Hoffleit, American astronomer and academic (d. 2007)
• 1908 – Rita Angus, New Zealand painter (d. 1970)
• 1908 – David Marshall, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Singapore (d. 1995)
• 1909 – Petras Cvirka, Lithuanian author (d. 1947)
• 1910 – László Lékai, Archbishop of Esztergom and Cardinal (d. 1986)
• 1910 – Masayoshi Ōhira, Japanese politician, 68th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1980)
• 1911 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Mexican academic and politician, 49th President of Mexico (d. 1979)
• 1912 – Willie Hall, English footballer (d. 1967)
• 1912 – Irving Layton, Romanian-Canadian poet and academic (d. 2006)
• 1913 – Yashwantrao Chavan, Indian politician, 5th Deputy Prime Minister of India (d. 1984)
• 1913 – Agathe von Trapp, Hungarian-American singer and author (d. 2010)
• 1915 – Alberto Burri, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1995)
• 1915 – Jiří Mucha, Czech journalist (d. 1991)
• 1917 – Leonard Chess, American record company executive, co-founder of Chess Records (d. 1969)
• 1917 – Millard Kaufman, American author and screenwriter (d. 2009)
• 1917 – Googie Withers, Indian-Australian actress (d. 2011)
• 1918 – Elaine de Kooning, American painter and academic (d. 1989)
• 1918 – Pádraig Faulkner, Irish Fianna Fáil politician (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Gianni Agnelli, Italian businessman (d. 2001)
• 1921 – Gordon MacRae, American actor and singer (d. 1986)
• 1922 – Jack Kerouac, American author and poet (d. 1969)
• 1922 – Lane Kirkland, American sailor and union leader (d. 1999)
• 1923 – Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed skater and cyclist (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Norbert Brainin, Austrian violinist (d. 2005)
• 1923 – Wally Schirra, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Mae Young, American wrestler (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Leo Esaki, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1925 – Harry Harrison, American author and illustrator (d. 2012)
• 1926 – George Ariyoshi, American lawyer and politician, 3rd Governor of Hawaii
• 1926 – Arthur A. Hartman, American career diplomat (d. 2015)
• 1926 – John Clellon Holmes, American author and professor (d. 1988)
• 1926 – David Nadien, American violinist (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Raúl Alfonsín, Argentine lawyer and politician, 46th President of Argentina (d. 2009)
• 1927 – Emmett Leith, American professor of electrical engineering and co-inventor of three-dimensional holography (d. 2005)
• 1927 – Sudharmono, Indonesian politician, 5th Vice President of Indonesia (d. 2006)
• 1928 – Edward Albee, American director and playwright (d. 2016)
• 1929 – Win Tin, Burmese journalist and politician, co-founded the National League for Democracy (d. 2014)
• 1930 – Antony Acland, English former diplomat and Provost of Eton College (d. 2021)
• 1930 – Vern Law, American baseball player and manager
• 1931 – Józef Tischner, Polish priest and philosopher (d. 2000)
• 1932 – Bob Houbregs, Canadian basketball player (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Andrew Young, American pastor and politician, 14th United States Ambassador to the United Nations
• 1933 – Myrna Fahey, American actress (d. 1973)
• 1933 – Barbara Feldon, American actress
• 1934 – Francisco J. Ayala, Spanish-American evolutionary biologist and philosopher (d. 2023)
• 1936 – Virginia Hamilton, American children's books author (d. 2002)
• 1936 – Michał Heller, Polish professor of philosophy
• 1936 – Eddie Sutton, American basketball player and coach (d. 2020)
• 1937 – Zoltán Horvath, Hungarian sabre fencer
• 1937 – Zurab Sotkilava, Georgian operatic tenor (d. 2017)
• 1938 – Vladimir Msryan, Armenian actor (d. 2010)
• 1938 – Johnny Rutherford, American race car driver and sportscaster
• 1938 – Ken Spears, American writer (d. 2020)
• 1938 – Juan Horacio Suárez, Argentine bishop
• 1938 – Ron Tutt, American drummer (d. 2021)
• 1940 – Al Jarreau, American singer (d. 2017)
• 1941 – Josip Skoblar, former Croatian footballer
• 1942 – Jimmy Wynn, American baseball player (d. 2020)
• 1943 – Ratko Mladić, Serbian general
• 1944 – Erwin Mueller, former American basketball player (d. 2018)
• 1945 – Anne Summers, Australian feminist writer, editor, publisher and public servant
• 1946 – Dean Cundey, American cinematographer and film director
• 1946 – Liza Minnelli, American actress, singer and dancer
• 1946 – Frank Welker, American voice actor and singer
• 1947 – Peter Harry Carstensen, German educator and politician
• 1947 – Jan-Erik Enestam, Finland-Swedish politician
• 1947 – David Rigert, Soviet Olympic weightlifter
• 1947 – Mitt Romney, American businessman and politician, 70th Governor of Massachusetts
• 1948 – Virginia Bottomley, Scottish social worker and politician, Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
• 1948 – Kent Conrad, American politician
• 1948 – James Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1949 – Rob Cohen, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1949 – David Mellor, British politician
• 1950 – Javier Clemente, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1952 – André Comte-Sponville, French philosopher
• 1952 – John Mitchell, English footballer
• 1952 – Yasuhiko Okudera, former Japanese footballer
• 1953 – Pavel Pinigin, former Soviet wrestler and Olympic champion
• 1954 – Anish Kapoor, Indian-English sculptor
• 1956 – Ove Aunli, former Norwegian cross-country skier
• 1956 – Stanisław Bobak, Polish ski jumper (d. 2010)
• 1956 – Steve Harris, English bass player and songwriter
• 1956 – Lesley Manville, English actress
• 1956 – Dale Murphy, American baseball player
• 1956 – Pim Verbeek, Dutch football manager (d. 2019)
• 1957 – Patrick Battiston, French footballer and coach
• 1957 – Marlon Jackson, American singer-songwriter and dancer
• 1957 – Andrey Lopatov, Soviet basketball player
• 1958 – Phil Anderson, English-Australian cyclist
• 1959 – Milorad Dodik, Bosnian Serb politician and president of Republika Srpska
• 1959 – Luenell, American comedian and actress
• 1959 – Michael Walter, German luger (d. 2016)
• 1960 – Jason Beghe, American actor
• 1960 – Courtney B. Vance, American actor and painter
• 1962 – Julia Campbell, American actress
• 1962 – Andreas Köpke, German footballer
• 1962 – Chris Sanders, American illustrator and voice actor
• 1962 – Darryl Strawberry, American baseball player and minister
• 1962 – Titus Welliver, American actor
• 1963 – John Andretti, American race car driver (d. 2020)
• 1963 – Candy Costie, American swimmer
• 1963 – Joaquim Cruz, Brazilian runner and coach
• 1963 – Reiner Gies, German boxer
• 1963 – Ian Holloway, English footballer and manager
• 1963 – Paul Way, English golfer
• 1963 – Jake Weber, English actor
• 1964 – Dieter Eckstein, German footballer
• 1964 – Umirzak Shukeyev, Kazakh chairman of Samruk-Kazyna
• 1965 – Steve Finley, American baseball player
• 1965 – Ivari Padar, former Minister of Finance and Minister of Agriculture of the Estonian Social Democratic Party
• 1966 – David Daniels, American countertenor
• 1966 – Grant Long, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1967 – Julio Dely Valdés, Panamanian footballer and manager
• 1968 – Tammy Duckworth, Thai-American colonel, pilot, and politician
• 1968 – Aaron Eckhart, American actor and producer
• 1969 – Graham Coxon, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1969 – Jake Tapper, American journalist and author
• 1970 – Karen Bradley, English politician
• 1970 – Dave Eggers, American author and screenwriter
• 1970 – Mathias Grönberg, Swedish golfer
• 1970 – Rex Walters, American basketball player and coach
• 1971 – Raúl Mondesí, Dominican baseball player and politician
• 1971 – Isaiah Rider, American basketball player and rapper
• 1971 – Dragutin Topić, Serbian high jumper
• 1972 – Doron Sheffer, Israeli basketball player
• 1974 – Charles Akonnor, Ghanaian footballer
• 1974 – Walid Badir, Israeli footballer
• 1975 – Nicolae Grigore, Romanian footballer
• 1975 – Edgaras Jankauskas, Lithuanian footballer
• 1975 – Srđan Pecelj, Bosnian footballer
• 1976 – Deron Quint, American ice hockey player
• 1976 – Zhao Wei, Chinese actress, film director, producer and pop singer
• 1977 – Michelle Burgher, track and field athlete
• 1977 – Ramiro Corrales, American soccer player
• 1977 – Amdy Faye, Senegalese footballer
• 1977 – Brent Johnson, American ice hockey player
• 1978 – Marco Ferreira, Portuguese footballer
• 1978 – Casey Mears, American race car driver
• 1978 – Arina Tanemura, Japanese author and illustrator
• 1979 – Charlie Bell, American basketball player and coach
• 1979 – Rhys Coiro, American actor
• 1979 – Pete Doherty, English musician, songwriter, actor, poet, writer, and artist
• 1979 – Jamie Dwyer, Australian field hockey player and coach
• 1979 – Gerard López, Spanish footballer
• 1979 – Ben Sandford, New Zealand skeleton racer
• 1979 – Edwin Villafuerte, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1979 – Tim Wieskötter, German sprint canoer
• 1980 – Césinha, Brazilian footballer
• 1980 – Becky Holliday, American pole vaulter
• 1980 – Jens Mouris, Dutch cyclist
• 1980 – Douglas Murray, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1981 – Kenta Kobayashi, Japanese wrestler and kick-boxer
• 1981 – Katarina Srebotnik, Slovenian tennis player
• 1981 – Holly Williams, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1982 – Lili Bordán, Hungarian-American actress
• 1982 – Samm Levine, American actor and comedian
• 1982 – Ilya Nikulin, Russian ice hockey player
• 1982 – Hisato Satō, Japanese footballer
• 1982 – Yūto Satō, Japanese footballer
• 1982 – Tobias Schweinsteiger, German footballer
• 1983 – Atif Aslam, Pakistani singer and actor
• 1983 – Mikko Koivu, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1984 – Jaimie Alexander, American actress
• 1984 – Shreya Ghoshal, Indian singer
• 1985 – Marco Bonanomi, Italian racing driver
• 1985 – Aleksandr Bukharov, Russian footballer
• 1985 – Ed Clancy, English track and road cyclist
• 1985 – Andriy Tovt, Ukrainian footballer
• 1986 – Martynas Andriuškevičius, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1986 – Oleh Dopilka, Ukrainian footballer
• 1986 – Danny Jones, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1986 – Ben Offereins, Australian runner
• 1986 – František Rajtoral, Czech footballer (d. 2017)
• 1987 – Manuele Boaro, Italian cyclist
• 1987 – Jessica Hardy, American swimmer
• 1987 – Maxwell Holt, American volleyball player
• 1987 – Teimour Radjabov, Azerbaijani chess player
• 1987 – Chris Seitz, American soccer player
• 1987 – Vadim Shipachyov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1987 – Pablo Velázquez, Paraguayan footballer
• 1988 – Sebastian Brendel, German canoe racer
• 1988 – Kostas Mitroglou, Greek footballer
• 1988 – Titi, Brazilian footballer
• 1989 – Jordan Adéoti, French footballer
• 1989 – Vytautas Černiauskas, Lithuanian footballer
• 1989 – Tyler Clary, American swimmer
• 1989 – Evgenii Dadonov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1989 – Richard Eckersley, English footballer
• 1989 – Chen Jianghua, Chinese basketball player
• 1989 – Dmitry Korobov, Belarusian ice hockey player
• 1989 – Siim Luts, Estonian footballer
• 1990 – Dont'a Hightower, American football coach and former player
• 1990 – Marvin Jones, American football player
• 1990 – Alexander Kröckel, German skeleton racer
• 1990 – Dawid Kubacki, Polish ski jumper
• 1990 – Irakli Kvekveskiri, Georgian footballer
• 1990 – Matias Myttynen, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1990 – Ilija Nestorovski, Macedonian footballer
• 1990 – Milena Raičević, Montenegrin handballer
• 1990 – Mikko Sumusalo, Finnish footballer
• 1991 – Leandro Fernandez, Argentine footballer
• 1991 – Niclas Heimann, German footballer
• 1991 – Felix Kroos, German footballer
• 1992 – Daniele Baselli, Italian footballer
• 1992 – Jordan Ferri, French footballer
• 1992 – Ciara Mageean, Irish middle-distance runner
• 1992 – Jiří Skalák, Czech footballer
• 1993 – Shehu Abdullahi, Nigerian footballer
• 1993 – Amjad Attwan, Iraqi footballer
• 1993 – Anton Shramchenko, Belarusian footballer
• 1994 – Katie Archibald, Scottish track cyclist
• 1994 – Jerami Grant, American basketball player
• 1994 – Christina Grimmie, American singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
• 1994 – Tyler Patrick Jones, American actor
• 1996 – Serhou Guirassy, French footballer
• 1996 – Karim Hafez, Egyptian footballer
• 1996 – Robert Murić, Croatian footballer
• 1996 – Cene Prevc, Slovenian ski jumper
• 1997 – Dean Henderson, English footballer
• 1997 – Allan Saint-Maximin, French footballer
• 1997 – Felipe Vizeu, Brazilian footballer
• 1998 – Carsen Edwards, American basketball player
• 1998 – Mecole Hardman, American football player
• 1998 – Daniel Samohin, Israeli figure skater
• 1998 – Elizaveta Ukolova, Czech figure skater
• 2001 – Max Duggan, American football player
• 2001 – Kim Min-kyu, South Korean singer and actor
• 2003 – Andrea Brillantes, Filipino actress and model
• 2003 – Malina Weissman, American actress and model
• 2004 – DannyLux, American singer-songwriter
• 2008 – Emma Kok, Dutch singer

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 417 – Innocent I, pope of the Catholic Church
• 604 – Gregory I, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 540)
• 1022 – Symeon the New Theologian (b. 949)
• 1160 – Al-Muqtafi, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (b. 1096)
• 1316 – Stefan Dragutin (b. c. 1244)
• 1539 – Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, English diplomat and politician (b. 1477)

1601–1900

• 1699 – Peder Griffenfeld, Danish politician (b. 1635)
• 1898 – Zachris Topelius, Finnish-Swedish journalist, historian, and author (b. 1818)

1901–present

• 1916 – Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Austrian author (b. 1830)
• 1925 – Sun Yat-sen, Chinese physician and politician, 1st President of the Republic of China (b. 1866)
• 1929 – Asa Griggs Candler, American businessman and politician, 44th Mayor of Atlanta (b. 1851)
• 1935 – Mihajlo Pupin, Serbian-American physicist and chemist (b. 1858)
• 1942 – William Henry Bragg, English physicist, chemist, and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
• 1943 – Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (b. 1869)
• 1946 – Ferenc Szálasi, Hungarian soldier and politician, Head of State of Hungary (b. 1897)
• 1949 – Wilhelm Steinkopf, German chemist (b. 1879)
• 1954 – Marianne Weber, German sociologist and suffragist (b. 1870)
• 1955 – Charlie Parker, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1920)
• 1955 – Theodor Plievier, German author best known for his anti-war novel (b. 1892)
• 1957 – Josephine Hull, American actress (b. 1877)
• 1971 – Eugene Lindsay Opie, American physician and pathologist (b. 1873)
• 1973 – Frankie Frisch, American baseball player and manager (b. 1898)
• 1974 – George D. Sax, American banker and businessman (b. 1904)
• 1985 – Eugene Ormandy, Hungarian-American violinist and conductor (b. 1899)
• 1989 – Maurice Evans, English-American actor (b. 1901)
• 1991 – Ragnar Granit, Finnish-Swedish neuroscientist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)
• 1991 – William Heinesen, Faroese author, poet, and author (b. 1900)
• 1992 – Lucy M. Lewis, American potter (b. 1890)
• 1998 – Beatrice Wood, American painter and potter (b. 1893)
• 1999 – Yehudi Menuhin, American-Swiss violinist and conductor (b. 1916)
• 1999 – Bidu Sayão, Brazilian-American soprano (b. 1902)
• 2000 – Aleksandar Nikolić, Yugoslav basketball coach (b. 1924)
• 2001 – Morton Downey Jr., American singer-songwriter, actor, and talk show host (b. 1933)
• 2001 – Robert Ludlum, American author (b. 1927)
• 2001 – Victor Westhoff, Dutch botanist and academic (b. 1916)
• 2002 – Spyros Kyprianou, Cypriot lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Cyprus (b. 1932)
• 2002 – Jean-Paul Riopelle, Canadian painter and sculptor (b. 1923)
• 2003 – Zoran Đinđić, Serbian philosopher and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Serbia (b. 1952)
• 2003 – Howard Fast, American novelist and screenwriter (b. 1914)
• 2003 – Lynne Thigpen, American actress and singer (b. 1948)
• 2004 – Milton Resnick, Russian-American painter (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Victor Sokolov, Russian-American priest and journalist (b. 1947)
• 2008 – Jorge Guinzburg, Argentinian journalist and producer (b. 1949)
• 2008 – Lazare Ponticelli, Italian-French soldier and supercentenarian (b. 1897)
• 2010 – Miguel Delibes, Spanish journalist and author (b. 1920)
• 2011 – Nilla Pizzi, Italian singer (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Dick Harter, American basketball player and coach (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Michael Hossack, American drummer (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Friedhelm Konietzka, German-Swiss footballer and manager (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Michael Grigsby, English director and producer (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Ganesh Pyne, Indian painter and illustrator (b. 1937)
• 2014 – Věra Chytilová, Czech actress, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
• 2014 – Paul C. Donnelly, American scientist and engineer (b. 1923)
• 2014 – José Policarpo, Portuguese cardinal (b. 1936)
• 2015 – Willie Barrow, American minister and activist (b. 1924)
• 2015 – Michael Graves, American architect and academic, designed the Portland Building and the Humana Building (b. 1934)
• 2015 – Ada Jafri, Pakistani poet and author (b. 1924)
• 2015 – Terry Pratchett, English journalist, author, and screenwriter (b. 1948)
• 2016 – Rafiq Azad, Bangladeshi poet and author (b. 1942)
• 2016 – Felix Ibru, Nigerian architect and politician, Governor of Delta State (b. 1935)
• 2016 – Lloyd Shapley, American mathematician and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
• 2021 – Ronald DeFeo Jr., American criminal (b. 1951)

Holidays and observances

• Arbor Day (China)
• Arbor Day (Taiwan)
• Aztec New Year
• Christian feast day:
  • Alphege
  • Bernard of Carinola (or of Capua)
  • Gorgonius, Peter Cubicularius and Dorotheus of Nicomedia
  • Mura (McFeredach)
  • Fina
  • Maximilian of Tebessa
  • Paul Aurelian
  • Pope Gregory I (Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Catholic Church, and Anglican Communion)
  • Theophanes the Confessor
  • March 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• National Day (Mauritius)
• World Day Against Cyber Censorship
• Youth Day (Zambia)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• Historical Events on March 12